Everything about Chalcedon totally explained
» For the Ecumenical Council of 451, see Council of Chalcedon; For the religious/political organization, see Chalcedon Foundation.
Chalcedon (Χαλκηδών, sometimes
transliterated as
Chalkedon) was an ancient maritime town of
Bithynia, in
Asia Minor, almost directly opposite
Byzantium, south of
Scutari (modern Üsküdar). Today, in modern
Turkish, Chalcedon is called
Kadıköy, a district of
Istanbul,
Turkey.
It was a
Megarian colony founded on a site that was viewed at the time as so obviously inferior to that which was within view on the opposite shore, that it received from the oracle the name of "the City of the Blind".
In its early history it shared the fortunes of Byzantium, was taken by the
satrap Otanes, vacillated long between the
Lacedaemonian and the
Athenian interests, and was at last bequeathed to the
Roman Republic by
Attalus III of
Pergamum (
133 BC).
It was partly destroyed by
Mithridates, but recovered during the Empire, and in
361 AD it was the location of the
Chalcedon tribunal, where
Julian the apostate brought his enemies to trial.
In
451 AD was the location of the
Council of Chalcedon.
It fell under the repeated attacks of the
barbarian hordes who crossed over after having ravaged Byzantium, and furnished an encampment to the
Persians under
Chosroes, c.
616–
626. The
Turks used it as a quarry for building materials for
Constantinople.
To the south are the ruins of
Panteichion (mod. Pendik), where
Belisarius is said to have lived in retirement.
The name of the mineral
chalcedony is derived from that of this town.
It is a
titular see of the
Roman Catholic Church.
Notable people
Further Information
Get more info on 'Chalcedon'.
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